When the skin of the anus gets cut or damaged, that is called an anal fissure. It is very similar to what happens when our dry lips get chaffed. Fissures typically bleed and cause pain, which is why they are often confused with haemorrhoids/ piles. When the anal muscles are stretched too far, it usually causes strain on the anus. This can occur to people who suffer from constipation or prolonged diarrhoea. It also occurs for older patients due to decreased blood flow to the anal area. It is not uncommon for women to develop anal fissures after giving birth as well. And it can also happen to people who have Crohn’s disease. With more severe cases of anus tearing, an external lump will form on the anus. These are the sentinel piles tell-tale of chronic fissures. The issue of anal fissures can be solved by medicine or by surgery and also by laparoscopic treatment. Symptoms Some signs and symptoms of anal fissures : Pain during bowel movement Pain after the bowel movements Blood on the stool or toilet paper Anal itching Visible damage to the skin of the anus A small lump that’s close to the anal fissure. Treatments Chemical Sphincterotomy Chemical Sphincterotomy is basically a Botox Injection for anal fissures; it is a very common Treatment for Anal Fissures. If the anal fissure doesn’t heal, it’s usually because of the spasm of the internal anal sphincter muscle which reduces blood supply to that area and further aggravation occurs to the fissure during the passage of motion through a spasmodic anal canal. The Botox is injected into the anal sphincter. This injection is used to prevent spasm and cause temporary paralytic relaxation until the tissues are renewed. The effects last for three months and the anal fissure heals during that time. Percutaneous Closed Lateral Internal Sphincterotomy This surgery, popularly known as CLIS, is a quick minimal invasive surgical method performed by specialized doctors under local anaesthesia that is used to treat chronic anal fissures. It is performed on the internal part of the anal muscle, the internal anal sphincter. The surgical procedure basically lowers the pressure of the internal anal sphincter and the spasm is reduced by dividing this internal anal sphincter. The fissure is healed because anal spasm is lowered and blood flow to the area is improved. Due to the closed technique, the wound is smaller and it heals faster.

Umbilical hernia is a bulge form in abdomen. In children, it is healed on its own but if this disease occurs in adults then a surgery is needed. The surgery of Umbilical hernia is done by laparoscopic surgery and is less risky. Symptoms: Umbilical hernia is called so because these types of hernia are present near the umbilicus area or the naval area of the abdomen. When occurred in children of around 2 to 3 years, it can be seen that it heals on their own. The common symptom of this type of hernia is discomfort and severe pain. Patient suffering from umbilical hernia have severe pain and have a bulge in near the naval area. They have difficulty in lifting things. Diagnosis of Umbilical Hernia: Physical examination is done. The doctor will see if the hernia can be reduced. Further diagnosis is done with the help of X-ray and ultrasound. Treatment and Recovery: Surgeon does an incision at the naval area of the abdomen where the bulge is present. They push the tissue back inside the stomach wall. Time taken for surgery is approximately an hour. The recovery is fast as the approach used here is laparoscopic approach.

What does it mean varicose veins endovenous ablation? vein-ablation-procedureVaricose pathology and its best methods of treatment have been developed for the last decades. Duplex ultrasound testing and its widespread promotion influence on varicose pathology treatment. Duplex ultrasound testing gives a doctor an opportunity to examine the reason of varicose veins appearance. Blood flows through arteria from the heart into legs and back to the heart through veins. Duplex ultrasound image depicts veins and gives an opportunity to check the blood flow. Ultrasound testing should be done while treating any varicose pathology in order to find out the blood flow direction that leads to varicose veins appearance. Leg veins have non-return valves that that block the blood from running down. If the valves do not work properly (so called ineffective valves), the blood inspissates and leads to varicose veins. Individual plan of treatment will be worked out for every patient, after an ultrasound testing and after veins examination by a doctor. Individual plan of treatment consists of: Endovenous laser ablation means a closure of an injured vessel by using laser energy. Endovenous radiowave ablation a closure of an injured vessel by using radiowave energy. Ultrasound sclerotherapy means that a special medicine (called sclerosant) is used to block veins. Miniflebectomy is a surgical removal of damaged veins with minimal cuts (5mm). Preparation of varicose veins to ablation csm_mapping_prae_op_1_01_9be4aee32cA surgeon will discuss with a patient, beafore planning the procedure, all the nuances of the procedure, probable complications, all the advantages and disadvantages of treatment and probable alternatives. A patient should inform a surgeon about all the medicine he or she takes in, about disease he or she has and about allergies ( local anesthetic allergy or allergy n medicine that is used during scleropherapy). A surgeon, before a procedure, may advise you to stop using blood thinners drugs, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (aspirin, ibuprofen etc) or can offer alternative drugs. Come to a procedure in comfortable clothes, all the jewellery should be erased as well. Special supportive tights should be worn after the procedure. They may be bought in pharmasy or a patient may buy them in our clinic. Supportive tights should be worn for 24 hours after a procedure (or longer according to doctor’s order ), and then tights should be worn for 5-10 days. Moderate pain and irritation may appear during the several days after the treatment, a surgeon will reccomend you suitable analgetic. Veins treatment is done by local anesthesia and general anesthesia is not needed. Laser and radiowave ablation Ultrasound veins testing has been done before the treatment. It has been done in order to identify the size of treated area. A leg is washed and shaved if it is needed, it is also aseptisized. If laser energy is used during the procedure, the special glasses will be given to a patient. Laser or radiowave probe is injected under local anesthesia. Laser or radiowave catheter, under ultrasound control, is injected into injured veins through small holes. Injured area treatment has been done under local anesthesia. Laser ray or radiowave catheter sends energy pulse that closes veins. A detector moves through a vein and closes it step by step. Veins, that are situated nearby, are remained intacted. Later laser ray or radiowave catheter is erased, bleeding is stopped by pressure. The cut is tapd by plaster. Supportive tights are put on the legs. After the treatment images-8Discomfort, measurable pain, swelling and bruises may appear after the treatment.Taking into consideration swelling and bruises can appear and the fact that you should wear supportive tights we reccomend you to plan your treatment during cold season. Partial loss of sensetivity may appear in treated area for some days. In some cases the recovery may last up to 6 months. Inflammation may, rarely, appear after 7 -21 days and it may last up to 10 days. If a patient feels intention in a shin-bone, swelling or redness of a treated area please contact the clinic. Mostly all of treated veins disappear after the procedure; some of them may be noticed during 6 months. Skin colour may be yellow in treated area, the colour will disappear in some weeks. How long veins ablation treatment takes? The treatment takes 45-60 minutes. If a surgeon reccomends you to compound the treatment with other varicose veins prosedures (for example,withminiflebectomy, sclerotherapy) it takes 1,5-2 hours. If two legs need to be treated, we reccomend to take two procedures within one month (one leg may be treated for oneprocedure ). Supportive tights or stockings should be worn for 30-45 minutes every day. Are there any complications of endovenous ablation? Endovenous ablation is quite safe and does not have any complications. There are not any scars left after the treatment. One patient out of 1000 may have wound infection. Antibiotics treatment is needed in case of inflammation. Some patients seldom have swelling and bruises, supportive tights will help in this case. Complications based on nerve injury are quite uncommon. One patient out of twenty may have an inflammatory reaction of treated veins that may be treated easily by using nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (ibuprofen, for example, and etc.). Cooling compress is quite effective as well. Deep vein thrombosis is a dangerous complication. In order to prevent it, we maintain a control after the treatment. Varicose veins are a chronic issue, even after the treatment it can appear in other areas. According to some investigations the ablation method proves its effectiveness. It is effective in 85-97% even in 10 years after the treatment. Endovenous ablation advantages There is no need to do any surgical cuts in case of intravenous ablation. 2 mm cuts have been done during the treatment and there is no need of saturation. In comparison with surgical intervention there are less complications and pain during endovenous ablation. Endovenous ablation treatment is a minimally invasive alternative of surgical intervention. The majority of patients stop complaining about itch, swelling and heavy legs after the procedure. Patients may quickly turn to daily routine. When should patients feel the result of the treatment? The result of endovenous ablation appears immediately in 95-100% cases and it remains the same in 85-97% cases in ten years. Due to the results of investigations, radio-wave ablation treatment proves its effectiveness in 99.6% cases for a term of two years Not so many investigations are held that could show us how patients spend their daily life after the treatment, but life becomes better. Endovenous ablation is regarded as a “gold standard” in many developed countries. Treatment in Estmedica Clinic The majority of modern, widespread technologies and different methods of varicose treatment are acceptable in our clinic. World leaders in medicine sphere teach our doctors. They use different treatment methods that provide minimally invasive treatment of varicose veins.

Hernias will not go away by themselves. Surgery is the only way to repair a hernia. A hernia repair returns the organ or structure to its proper place and fixes the weakened area of muscle or tissue. Having surgery is a big decision. It can be tempting to put it off, and that may be okay in some cases. Before you decide, make sure you understand the risks and benefits of your decision. Here are some things to consider and discuss with the doctor who is helping you make the decision. How Is the Hernia Affecting You? The first thing to consider is whether or not you are experiencing symptoms. Not everyone has symptoms with a hernia, especially small ones. When symptoms occur, the most common one is pain. Others can include a feeling of heaviness or fullness in the belly or groin. Whether you have symptoms or not, a hernia can also interfere with your leisure activities and your work. So you also need to recognize if you are taking time off from work or interests due to your hernia. Delaying surgery may mean you spend more time away from work and fun instead of returning to activities after recovery. If you have symptoms, especially pain, your doctor is likely to recommend surgery. But what if you don’t have symptoms or they are minimal? In this case, your doctor may recommend watchful waiting. Before you agree to watchful waiting, be sure your doctor knows the whole story. Be honest about any limitations your hernia puts on your time and activities. What Are the Risks of Waiting? 1. Hernias can become incarcerated. One potentially serious risk of not fixing a hernia is that it can become trapped outside the abdominal wall—or incarcerated. This can cut off the blood supply to the hernia and obstruct the bowel, resulting in a strangulated hernia. This requires urgent surgical repair. Not all hernias progress to this point, but it is a risk nonetheless. Avoiding an emergency situation that you can’t control is one reason to consider not delaying surgery. 2. Hernias grow. A more likely scenario is that your hernia will continue to grow and weaken with time. This is likely to increase your symptoms, including pain, and cause more changes to your lifestyle. Surgeons know that smaller hernias are easier to repair than larger hernias. Going ahead with surgery instead of delaying it can prevent your symptoms from getting worse. It can also help you avoid losing work or missing activities. 3. Hernias require surgery eventually. Even if you aren’t having symptoms, you may still want to consider having surgery sooner rather than later. Surgery for a hernia is somewhat inevitable in most cases. Research shows that most people with hernias have surgery within 10 years. Keep in mind that delaying surgery until your hernia is larger and the muscles are weaker may make surgery and recovery more difficult. 4. Your overall health may change. Your age may determine whether waiting is a risk for you. Putting off surgery for years down the road may mean you are not in as good overall health or physical shape. This will also affect your surgery and recovery. So having surgery at a younger age can be beneficial. However, if you are elderly (older than about 75 years of age), not very active, and your hernia isn’t causing problems, it may be better to not fix it. The risks of surgery may outweigh the benefit of repair. Making the Decision Surgery is never convenient and life is always busy. Being in control of when you have surgery is a huge benefit of not delaying your hernia repair. You can schedule your surgery at your convenience. And if you are a candidate for laparoscopic hernia surgery, you’ll be back to life and work sooner than in years past. Surgery should be easier on you and recovery will likely be smoother at a younger age and with a smaller hernia. Ultimately, your doctor is best able to help you decide whether watchful waiting or surgery is the best option for you.